{"id":32515,"date":"2025-03-03T12:36:53","date_gmt":"2025-03-03T09:36:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/?p=32515"},"modified":"2026-04-20T13:11:39","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T10:11:39","slug":"refugees-fourth-wave","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/refugees-fourth-wave\/","title":{"rendered":"Ukrainian Refugees After Three Years Abroad. Fourth Wave of Research"},"content":{"rendered":"

In this policy paper, we update our answers to the questions: how many Ukrainians have gone abroad since the start of Russia’s full-scale invasion, who these people are, how many of them will return to Ukraine, and what the economic losses will be if not all of them return.<\/p>\n

In the study, we use data from a representative<\/u> sociological survey conducted in November – December 2024 by the research agency Info Sapiens, commissioned by the Centre for Economic Strategy. We also compare the results with three previous survey waves conducted in November-December 2022, April-May 2023, and December 2023 \u2013 January 2024. In addition, we use information from open sources.<\/p>\n

Below, you will find a short digest with the most important and interesting information from our study. Any questions left? You might find the answers in the presentation of the study and the full policy paper, where there are much more details. We will add it in English soon.<\/em><\/p>\n

You may find the recording of presentation by the link<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The research was conducted with support of the International Rennaissance Foundation.<\/a><\/i><\/p>\n

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5.2 million Ukrainian refugees remain abroad<\/strong><\/h3>\n

According to the Centre for Economic Strategy, as of the end of November 2024, 5.2 million Ukrainian refugees remain abroad.<\/p>\n

3.7 million of them left Ukraine through the western borders of the country. Since the start of the full-scale war, 43.0 million people left Ukraine, while 39.3 million entered; the difference between these numbers shows the number of people who left and did not return. However, this does not account for Ukrainians who were forced to flee to European countries via Russia or Belarus.<\/p>\n

According to our estimates, about 239 thousand Ukrainians (0.2 million) left for European countries through Russia or Belarus.<\/p>\n

Another 1.3 million Ukrainians, according to the UN, became refugees in Russia or Belarus.<\/p>\n