{"id":42680,"date":"2026-05-06T11:31:07","date_gmt":"2026-05-06T08:31:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/?p=42680"},"modified":"2026-05-04T15:43:59","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T12:43:59","slug":"spain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/spain\/","title":{"rendered":"Spain"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n
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Ukraine & Spain economic dialogue<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n
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Trade in goods is highly asymmetric, with ES as a net importer (~\u20ac2.4 bn deficit in 2024)\u200b<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

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Dedicated institutional tool: Oficina Espa\u00f1ola para la Reconstrucci\u00f3n de Ucrania<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

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UA is a strategic supplier of agri-inputs, especially for ES livestock sector<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

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~255k<\/h4>\n

Strong people-to-people ties: ~255k Ukrainians under temporary protection in ES\u200b<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

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ES is a provider of industrial goods and reconstruction-related services in UA\u200b<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n \n

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Centre for Economic Strategy (CES), an independent Ukrainian think tank that analyzes key public policies and promotes support for reforms.<\/p>\n

With donor support, CES has launched a series of studies on trade relations between Ukraine and the European Union countries.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n \n

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Free movements of goods and services<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n\n
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The ES runs a persistent goods trade deficit with Ukraine, growing from ~\u20ac865\u00a0mln\u00a0(2021) to ~\u20ac2.4bn (2024)<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

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UA exports to ES are concentrated in agricultural inputs (cereals, vegetable oils)<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

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ES exports\u00a0remain\u00a0industrial and diversified (vehicles, machinery, chemicals, seafood)<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

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Since 2022, UA exports have become even more agriculture-heavy as iron, steel, and ore trade declined<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

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ES exports have shifted partially toward defense-related goods while\u00a0maintaining\u00a0their overall industrial mix<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

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Services trade\u00a0remains\u00a0small and broadly balanced, increasingly project-driven and tied to reconstruction contracts (engineering, logistics, legal, project management)<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n \n \n

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Trade Balance UA-ES 2024<\/h2>\n
\n Trade in goods between ES and UA by top product groups, 2024 (\u20ac\u00a0mln)\u200b <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n
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Free movement of persons and capital<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n\n \n
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Pre war:<\/div>\n
~97k<\/div>\n

Ukrainian residents<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \n \n

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Post-2022:<\/div>\n
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+ ~255k<\/div>\n

with temporary protection<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \n \n <\/div>\n\n \n

Mostly women and children, concentrated in hospitality, construction, trade, and ICT<\/p>\n <\/div>\n \n \n \n

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  • ES FDI in UA is limited (~$122M, <1% of EU total), but 550+ ES-linked firms operate there \u2013 mainly SMEs in trade, manufacturing, and services, with engagement shifting toward contracts over direct investment<\/li>\n
  • Commercial presence led by Inditex, Mango, and Glovo; UA firms increasingly active in ES (Nova Post, IT services), signalling growing two-way links<\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n \n \n \n \n \n
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    Ukrainians in Spain (in 000)<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n\n \n
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    Tighter co-operation potential<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n\n
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      Make the single window work: use ES\u00a0Oficina\u00a0Espa\u00f1ola para la Reconstrucci\u00f3n\u00a0de\u00a0Ucrania\u00a0as the gateway and respond with\u00a0a short list\u00a0of procurement-ready projects (route, timeline, UA counterpart).\u00a0<\/p>\n <\/li>\n

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      Move up the value chain: build cooperation around existing\u00a0agriflows via EU-standard certification, traceability,\u00a0storage\u00a0and processing (from raw inputs to higher value-added products).<\/p>\n <\/li>\n

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      Start with de-risked contracts: milestone delivery + verification + transparent payments + IFI-ready documentation \u2192 scale from first deals to repeat business.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n <\/li>\n

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      Turn people links into business links: targeted matchmaking in ICT, engineering\u00a0and business services, using UA\u2019s networks in ES for supplier connections and investment leads.<\/p>\n <\/li>\n <\/ul>\n <\/div>\n \n \n

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      Interesting fact<\/h2>\n <\/div>\n
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      Ukraine and Spain\u00a0 are jointly developing technology for the automatic gauge adjustment of railway tracks, which will enable trains to cross
      \nthe EU border without stopping. Like Ukraine, Spain uses a track gauge that differs from the European standard, and it has extensive experience in implementing such solutions.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n

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      The brochure is produced\u00a0by\u00a0Centre for Economic Strategy\u00a0\u00a0with the support of the\u00a0Askold and Dir Fund\u00a0as a part of the\u00a0the Strong Civil Society of Ukraine \u2014 a Driver towards Reforms and Democracy project,\u00a0implemented by ISAR Ednannia,\u00a0funded by Norway and Sweden. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of\u00a0Centre for Economic Strategy\u00a0and can in no way be taken to reflect the views\u00a0the\u00a0Government of Norway, the Government of Sweden and ISAR Ednannia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n \n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Ukraine and Spain are jointly developing technology for the automatic
      \ngauge adjustment of railway tracks, which will enable trains to cross
      \nthe EU border without stopping. Like Ukraine, Spain uses a track gauge
      \nthat differs from the European standard, and it has extensive experience
      \nin implementing such solutions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":42746,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/template-country-research.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[197,523],"tags":[660],"experts":[500],"news_type":[],"class_list":["post-42680","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research-list-en","category-eurointegration-en","tag-eu-partnerships","experts-yana-ohrimenko"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42680","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42680"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42680\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42763,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42680\/revisions\/42763"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/42746"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42680"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42680"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42680"},{"taxonomy":"experts","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/experts?post=42680"},{"taxonomy":"news_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news_type?post=42680"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}