{"id":45157,"date":"2026-09-08T13:04:23","date_gmt":"2026-09-08T10:04:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/?p=45157"},"modified":"2026-09-08T12:36:04","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T09:36:04","slug":"estonia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/estonia\/","title":{"rendered":"Estonia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet\" style=\"background-color:#fef7d2\">\n\n    <!-- Top Row -->\n            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__header\">\n                            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__header-item wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__header-item--title\">\n                    <h2 class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__header-title\">Ukraine &amp; Estonia economic dialogue<\/h2>\n                <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__header-item wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__header-item--img\" style=\"background-color:#00509b\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"753\" height=\"496\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/estonia-map-2.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/>                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    \n    \n    <!-- Intro Icon Boxes Repeater -->\n\n            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid grid-even-columns\">\n                                                                <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item\">\n                                                                            <h4 class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-title\">\u20ac68 mln<\/h4>\n                                                                            <p class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-description\">Estonia\u2019s goods surplus with Ukraine reached \u20ac68 mln\u00a0in 2025\u200b<\/p>\n                                            <\/div>\n                                                                                <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item\">\n                                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-icon\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"141\" height=\"104\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/user-group.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n                                                                                                    <p class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-description\">More than 63k Ukrainian citizens in Estonia at the start of 2026, 2nd\u00a0largest foreign community \r\nand 4.6% of the total population<\/p>\n                                            <\/div>\n                                                                                <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item\">\n                                                                            <h4 class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-title\">\u20ac235 mln<\/h4>\n                                                                            <p class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-description\">Estonia\u2019s ICT service imports from Ukraine reached \u20ac235\u00a0mln,\u00a0~3\/4 \r\nof Estonia\u2019s total service imports\r\nfrom Ukraine<\/p>\n                                            <\/div>\n                                                                                <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item\">\n                                                                            <h4 class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-title\">\u20ac232 mln<\/h4>\n                                                                            <p class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-description\">Estonia\u2019s FDI stock in Ukraine was \u20ac232\u00a0mln\u00a0in 2025, above its pre-war level\u200b<\/p>\n                                            <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n    \n    <!-- About Ces -->\n            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__about\">\n            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__about-description\"><p>Centre for Economic Strategy (CES), an independent Ukrainian think tank that analyzes key public policies and promotes support for reforms.<\/p>\n<p>With donor support, CES has launched a series of studies on trade relations between Ukraine and the European Union countries.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    \n    <!-- Logos-->\n            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__logos\">\n                            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__logos-item\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"337\" height=\"65\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/norway-logo.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/>                <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__logos-item\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"219\" height=\"65\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/sweden-sverige-logo.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/>                <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__logos-item\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"292\" height=\"81\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ednannia-logo.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/>                <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__logos-item\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"215\" height=\"65\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/askold-and-dir-logo.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/>                <\/div>\n                            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__logos-item\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"240\" height=\"65\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ces-logo-vector.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/>                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    \n    <!-- Free movements of goods and services -->\n            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__title-box\">\n            <h2 class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__row-title\">Free movements of goods  and services<\/h2>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid grid-seven-columns\">\n                                                                                <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item\">\n                                                            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-icon\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"127\" height=\"127\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/shopping-cart.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n                                                                                                                    <p class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-description\">Estonia exported \u20ac176\u00a0mln\u00a0of goods to UA in 2025 and imported \u20ac108\u00a0mln.\u00a04 out of 5 Estonia\u2019s largest exports to Ukraine are technology\/equipment-related<\/p>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item\">\n                                                            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-icon\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"132\" height=\"132\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/fish.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n                                                                                                                    <p class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-description\">Fish and seafood became Estonia\u2019s largest export to Ukraine in 2025<\/p>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item\">\n                                                            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-icon\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"213\" height=\"213\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/bottle.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n                                                                                                                    <p class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-description\">Ukraine supplied 73.5% of Estonia\u2019s refined sunflower-oil imports in 2025<\/p>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item\">\n                                                            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-icon\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gear.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n                                                                                                                    <p class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-description\">Estonia\u2019s services deficit with UA reached a record \u20ac185 mln\u00a0in 2025<\/p>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item\">\n                                                            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-icon\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"136\" height=\"104\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/devices.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n                                                                                                                    <p class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-description\">Estonia\u2019s ICT service imports from UA more than doubled between 2021 and 2025<\/p>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item\">\n                                                            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-icon\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"123\" height=\"123\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/gear-plus.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n                                                                                                                    <p class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-description\">Ukraine supplied 9.8% of Estonia\u2019s extra-EU services imports in 2025<\/p>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                                                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item\">\n                                                            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-icon\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"132\" height=\"140\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/airplane.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/><\/div>\n                                                                                                                    <p class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item-description\">Estonia\u2019s travel-services exports to Ukraine peaked at \u20ac64 mln\u00a0in 2022<\/p>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                <\/div>\n            \n    <!-- Trade balance -->\n            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__title-box\">\n            <h2 class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__row-title\">Trade Balance UA-EE 2025<\/h2>\n                    <\/div>\n\n        <!-- Chart -->\n        <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__chart-box \">\n                            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__chart-img wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__chart-img--desktop\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1500\" height=\"633\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ua-ee-trade-balance-en.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/>                <\/div>\n                                <\/div>\n    \n    <!-- Free movement of persons and capital-->\n            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__title-box\">\n            <h2 class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__row-title\">Free movement of persons and capital<\/h2>\n                    <\/div>\n\n        <!-- Pre-war numbers -->\n                                                                        \n        <!-- Post-2022 numbers -->\n                                                                        \n        <!-- FDI numbers -->\n                                    \n                \n                                                                                                                                                                    <!-- row -->\n                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid\">\n                                        <!-- col -->\n                                                                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item\">\n                                                                                                                                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__row-subtitle\">63,200<\/div>\n                                                                                                                                                                                                    <p class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__row-description\">Ukrainian citizens live in Estonia \r\nin 2026<\/p>\n                                                                                            <\/div>\n                                        \n                                        <!-- col -->\n                                                                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item\">\n                                                                                                                                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__row-subtitle\">54%<\/div>\n                                                                                                                                                                                                    <p class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__row-description\">Only 54% of Ukrainian residents \r\nin Estonia held TP in January 2026<\/p>\n                                                                                            <\/div>\n                                                                                <!-- col -->\n                                                                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item\">\n                                                                                                                                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__row-subtitle\">22.3 per 1k<\/div>\n                                                                                                                                                                                                    <p class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__row-description\">Estonia hosts 22.3 TP beneficiaries per 1,000 (5th in EU)<\/p>\n                                                                                            <\/div>\n                                                                                <!-- col -->\n                                                                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__grid-item\">\n                                                                                                                                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__row-subtitle\">67.5%<\/div>\n                                                                                                                                                                                                    <p class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__row-description\">People aged 20\u201364 account \r\nfor 67.5% of Estonia\u2019s Ukrainian community<\/p>\n                                                                                            <\/div>\n                                                                            <\/div>\n                                                                                                \n                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__list-box\">\n                        <ul class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__list\">\n                                                                                                                                <li class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__list-item wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__list-item--linked-icon\">Estonian investment inflows into Ukraine remained positive throughout 2022\u20132025<\/li>\n                                                                                                                                                                <li class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__list-item wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__list-item--linked-icon\">There are 1,141 EE-linked entities in Ukraine<\/li>\n                                                                                                                                                                <li class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__list-item wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__list-item--linked-icon\">More than 11,000 employed in EE-linked companies in UA<\/li>\n                                                                                                                                                                <li class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__list-item wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__list-item--linked-icon\">The ten largest EE-linked firms generated 60% of reported turnover<\/li>\n                                                                                    <\/ul>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        \n    <!-- Remittances to UA -->\n            \n        <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__title-box\">\n            <h2 class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__row-title\">Ukrainians in Estonia (in 000)<\/h2>\n                    <\/div>\n\n        <!-- Chart -->\n        <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__chart-box \">\n            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__chart-img wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__chart-img--desktop\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1591\" height=\"701\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ukrainians-in-ee-en.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/>            <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    \n    <!-- Tighter co-operation potential -->\n            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__title-box\">\n            <h2 class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__row-title\">Tighter co-operation potential<\/h2>\n                    <\/div>\n\n                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__list-box\">\n                <ul class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__list\">\n                                                                                                <li class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__list-item\">\n                                <p>Further integrating two-way ties in\u00a0<strong>ICT and\u00a0defence<\/strong> sectors: \r\nbuilding from the 2026 Drone Deal, high value potential in\u00a0EE\u2019s EU and NATO access with UA\u2019s tested digital capabilities.\u200b<\/p>\n                            <\/li>\n                                                                                                                        <li class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__list-item\">\n                                <p>In\u00a0<strong>reconstruction:<\/strong>\u00a0duplication of Estonia\u2019s focused projects in Zhytomyr that could reduce market-entry barriers for new firms, leveraging public guarantees and international co-financing.\u200b<\/p>\n                            <\/li>\n                                                            <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n    <!-- Interesting fact -->\n            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__title-box\">\n            <h2 class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__row-title\">Interesting facts<\/h2>\n                    <\/div>\n        <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__footer\">\n            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__footer-top\">\n                <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__footer-heading\">\n                    <p>Estonia was the first country to begin reconstruction in the Ukrainian region it had committed to supporting \u2014 Zhytomyr Oblast\u200b.<\/p>\n<p>Ukraine supplies 73.5% of Estonia\u2019s refined sunflower-oil imports.\u200b<\/p>\n                <\/div>\n                                    <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__footer-img\">\n                        <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1500\" height=\"782\" src=\"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/vector-sunflower-1.svg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" \/>                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"wp-block-acf-country-factsheet__footer-bottom\"><p>The brochure is produced\u00a0by\u00a0Centre for Economic Strategy\u00a0\u00a0with the support of the\u00a0Askold and Dir Fund\u00a0as a part of the\u00a0the Strong Civil Society of Ukraine \u2014 a Driver towards Reforms and Democracy project,\u00a0implemented by ISAR Ednannia,\u00a0funded by Norway and Sweden. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of\u00a0Centre for Economic Strategy\u00a0and can in no way be taken to reflect the views\u00a0the\u00a0Government of Norway, the Government of Sweden and ISAR Ednannia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n    \n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Estonia was the first country to begin reconstruction<br \/>\n in the Ukrainian region it had committed to supporting \u2014 Zhytomyr Oblast.<br \/>\n\u2028<br \/>\nUkraine supplies 73.5% of Estonia\u2019s refined sunflower-oil imports.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":45167,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"templates\/template-country-research.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[197],"tags":[660],"experts":[462],"news_type":[],"class_list":["post-45157","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research-list-en","tag-eu-partnerships","experts-maksym-samoiliuk-en"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45157","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45157"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45157\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45183,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45157\/revisions\/45183"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/45167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45157"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45157"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45157"},{"taxonomy":"experts","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/experts?post=45157"},{"taxonomy":"news_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ces.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news_type?post=45157"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}